Objective To observe the effect of cervix ligation combined with magnesium sulfate on premature labor and neonatal mortality and asphyxia. Methods 60 cases of preterm pregnant women admitted and treated in our hospital from June 2016 to October 2017 were selected as the objects of this study. It was divided into two groups according to different treatment schemes. Pregnant women treated with conventional drugs,namely magnesium sulfate, were regarded as the control group(30 cases), and pregnant women treated with cervical ligation combined with magnesium sulfate as the observation group(30 cases). The mortality rate and asphyxia rate of pregnant women in two groups were compared and the delivery of pregnant women in two groups were analyzed. Results Two groups of pregnant women after treatment, the death rate and asphyxia rate in the control group were higher than those in the observation group, and the pregnant women in the control group were lower than those in the control group, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P0.05). Conclusion Cervical ring ligation combined with magnesium sulfate can reduce the neonatal mortality and asphyxia rate, and has clinical significance.